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稀土摻雜上轉(zhuǎn)換熒光納米顆粒粒子光學性能研究UCNPs Qds
上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光是基于雙光子或多光子過程,發(fā)光中心相繼吸收兩個或者多個光子,經(jīng)過無輻射弛豫達到發(fā)光能級,從而躍遷至基態(tài)產(chǎn)生短波長光子,即將低頻率激發(fā)光轉(zhuǎn)換成高頻率發(fā)射光。
影響稀土氟化物納米材料發(fā)光性能的因素主要是基質(zhì)材料、敏化劑和激活劑。目前氟化物基質(zhì)材料研究的主要是XLnF4和LnF3,其中最為常見的是NaYF4和LaF3,聲子能均小于400cm-1,有利于提供合適的晶體場,降低無輻射躍遷的幾率,同時激活劑容易進行摻雜。稀土離子在氟化物中具有較長的壽命,形成更多的亞穩(wěn)能級,產(chǎn)生豐富的能級躍遷。摻雜離子對上轉(zhuǎn)換的發(fā)光扮演著極為關(guān)鍵的角色,當前研究主要集中在Er3+、Tm3+、Ho3+摻雜。稀土Yb3+的激發(fā)光波長是980nm,吸收截面大,是最為常用且有效的上轉(zhuǎn)換敏化劑。當Yb3+和其它稀土離子共摻雜到材料中,激發(fā)Yb3+離子,能量傳遞引起光子疊加效應(yīng)使得上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光效率大大提高。
稀土納米顆粒的發(fā)光不具有量子尺寸效應(yīng),相對于尺寸較大的化合物,納米微粒具有更大的比表面積,因此處于表面的激活離子比例也高于相應(yīng)的體相材料。由于納米顆粒的邊界阻斷作用,能量的共振傳遞也只發(fā)生在單個微粒內(nèi)部,所以高的猝滅濃度使其性能降低。在稀土納米顆粒外部包覆同質(zhì)稀土層、二氧化硅以及聚合物是有效提高上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光效率以及量子產(chǎn)率的方法,同時多層結(jié)構(gòu)還可以豐富發(fā)光色彩。
1: 同質(zhì)殼 由于低聲子能稀土殼的存在可以減少能量轉(zhuǎn)移,降低稀土離子的自猝滅,因此在稀土納米顆粒外部包覆同質(zhì)的材料可以在很大程度上提高發(fā)光效率。Yi等人在摻雜Yb3+、Er3+
的NaYF4納米顆粒外包覆了未摻雜的NaYF4和聚丙烯酸(PAA)后,熒光效率提高7.4倍;NaYF4BYb,Tm@NaYF4@PAA比單純的NaYF4BYb,Tm納米顆粒的熒光增強29.6倍。包覆KYF4的KYF4BYb,Er納米顆粒的發(fā)光效率可以提高25倍。不同合成方法制備的核殼納米顆粒的熒光增強程度是不一樣的,Mai制備的A2NaYF4BYb,Er@A2NaYF4的上轉(zhuǎn)換熒光效率增強一倍,而B2NaYF4BYb,Er@A2NaYF4的熒光只增加1/2
2 :異質(zhì)殼 稀土上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒包覆異質(zhì)殼主要是為了獲取水溶性、穩(wěn)定性和分散性更好的材料,同時還可以使其表面富有功能基團。當有機配體是高能的C)H或者C)C,振動就會對鑭系離子的發(fā)光造成嚴重猝滅。不同有機配體對稀土納米顆粒的下轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光略有影響,但對上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光的影響尚未有報道。異質(zhì)材料對上轉(zhuǎn)換氟化物納米顆粒的包覆主要是二氧化硅、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯亞胺、聚丙烯胺、聚賴氨酸、聚乙二醇衍生物等等,包覆后上轉(zhuǎn)換熒光有小幅度增強或者沒有明顯變化。
上轉(zhuǎn)換多色發(fā)光
將Yb、Er、Tm同時摻雜到NaYF4納米顆粒中,在單一波長980nm的激發(fā)下可以得到多色熒光材料。通過調(diào)節(jié)摻雜離子的濃度和種類,可以精確控制激發(fā)強度平衡,從而實現(xiàn)從近紅外到可見的復合多色光。此外,在B2NaYF4BYb,Tm外面包覆B2NaYF4BYb,Er結(jié)構(gòu)的納米顆粒也可以獲得從近紅外到可見的上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光。這種三明治結(jié)構(gòu)的B2NaYF4BYb,Tm@B2NaYF4BYb,Er@B2NaYF4BYb,Tm不僅光譜豐富,而且與單純的B2NaYF4BYb,Tm以及B2NaYF4BYb,Er相比,其量子產(chǎn)率和熒光效率都有所提高
。
多激發(fā)模式發(fā)光
等將油酸配位的LaF3BCe,Tb和NaYF4BYb,Er兩種納米顆粒置于十二烷基硫酸鈉微乳液中,經(jīng)過烷鏈自組裝制備具有上轉(zhuǎn)換和下轉(zhuǎn)換雙功能的納米微球,尺寸大約62nm,在254、396、980nm激發(fā)下可以得到不同發(fā)射的熒光,但是顆粒的穩(wěn)定性還有待研究。Hu等通過二氧化硅包覆上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒,同時在二氧化硅納米顆粒中摻雜異硫氰酸熒光素(FITC),分別可以在980nm波長下激發(fā)上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒,488nm下激發(fā)FITC,獲得上轉(zhuǎn)換和下轉(zhuǎn)換雙模式的納米顆粒,尺寸僅20~22nm,而且二氧化硅提高了生物相容性和穩(wěn)定性,更適合生物應(yīng)用。
產(chǎn)品列表:
【油酸包裹-脂溶性上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒】:
價格:1550元/2ml, 2250元/5ml, 3650元/10ml
價格:1850元/2ml, 2850元/5ml, 4850元/10ml
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles witholeic acid coating in toluene
Ex/Em:980nm-540/650nm
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles witholeic acid coating in toluene
Ex/Em:980nm-360/450/470/800nm
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene
Ex/Em:980nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1530nm (近紅外)
40nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene
Ex: 800/1532nm Em: 540/650/980nm (紅)
10nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene Ex/Em:800nm/980nm
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex:800nm Em: 980nm (近紅外)
10nm/35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 540/650nm (綠色)
6nm/30nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 360/450/470/800nm ( 紫色)
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with oleicacid coating in toluene
Ex/Em:800nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1530nm (近紅外)
【二氧化硅包裹-水溶性上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒】:
價格:1850元/2ml, 2950元/5ml, 4800元/10ml
價格:2250元/2ml, 3850元/5ml, 5800元/10ml
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withsilica coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-540/650nm
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withsilica coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-360/450/470/800nm
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
Ex/Em:980nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1530nm (近紅外)
40nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
Ex: 800/1532nm Em: 540/650/980nm (紅)
10nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex:800nm Em: 980nm (近紅外)
10nm/35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 540/650nm (綠色)
6nm/30nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 360/450/470/800nm ( 紫色)
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating in water
Ex/Em:800nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1530nm (近紅外)
【氨基修飾二氧化硅包裹-水溶性上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒】:
價格:1850元/2ml, 2950元/5ml, 4800元/10ml
價格:2250元/2ml, 3850元/5ml, 5800元/10ml
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withsilica coating amine function in water
Ex/Em:980nm-540/650nm
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withsilica coating amine function in water
Ex/Em:980nm-360/450/470/800nm
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
Ex/Em:980nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1530nm (近紅外)
40nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
Ex: 800/1532nm Em: 540/650/980nm (紅)
10nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex:800nm Em: 980nm (近紅外)
10nm/35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 540/650nm (綠色)
6nm/30nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 360/450/470/800nm ( 紫色)
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with silicacoating amine function in water
Ex/Em:800nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1530nm (近紅外)
【聚乙二醇包裹-水溶性上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒】:
價格:2250元/2ml, 3850元/5ml, 5800元/10ml
價格:2550元/2ml, 4050元/5ml, 6500元/10ml
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withPEG coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-540/650nm
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withPEG coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-360/450/470/800nm
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
Ex/Em:980nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1530nm (近紅外)
40nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
Ex: 800/1532nm Em: 540/650/980nm (紅)
10nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex:800nm Em: 980nm (近紅外)
10nm/35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 540/650nm (綠色)
6nm/30nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 360/450/470/800nm ( 紫色)
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PEGcoating in water
Ex/Em:800nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1530nm (近紅外)
【聚丙烯酸包裹-水溶性上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒】:
價格:2250元/2ml, 3850元/5ml, 5800元/10ml
價格:2550元/2ml, 4050元/5ml, 6500元/10ml
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withPAA coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-540/650nm
6nm/30nm/400nm Upconversion Nanoparticles withPAA coating in water
Ex/Em:980nm-360/450/470/800nm
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
Ex/Em:980nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:980nm/1530nm (近紅外)
40nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
Ex: 800/1532nm Em: 540/650/980nm (紅)
10nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex:800nm Em: 980nm (近紅外)
10nm/35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 540/650nm (綠色)
6nm/30nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
激發(fā)和發(fā)射波長:Ex: 800nm Em: 360/450/470/800nm ( 紫色)
35nm Upconversion Nanoparticles with PAAcoating in water
Ex/Em:800nm/1060nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1165nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1310nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1460nm (近紅外)
Ex/Em:800nm/1530nm (近紅外)
我們還可以提供如下:
1:介孔二氧化硅包裹上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒Upconversion Nanoparticles
2:磷脂PEG活性基團修飾上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒Upconversion Nanoparticles
3:上轉(zhuǎn)換納米顆粒UpconversionNanoparticles修飾蛋白
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